"To make someoneโs weakness a laughing-stock is to deal them a mighty blow. People easily endure criticism, but they cannot endure mockery. People are happy to be seen as wicked, but not ridiculous." These are the words of Moliรจre, who is considered by most as worthy to stand with Shakespeare and Sophocles. He used these words to defend his controversial play โLe Tartuffeโ, a biting satire which attacked the hypocrisy and weaknesses of so many in Moliรจreโs day. Almost immediately after its performance before Louis XIV, it was banned due to the perceived attack on religion. As Moliรจre explained at the time, it was not an attack on the Church, but on hypocrites and impostors who use religion to their own selfish ends.
๐๐ข๐ญ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ฌ๐๐ญ๐ข๐ซ๐ Moliรจre was in fact his stage name, but he made it so well known that few people outside the francophone world recognise the name Jean-Baptiste Poquelin today. His style was biting satire and he is widely considered to be the father of modern comedy. In English, some comical devices still use their French equivalent, such as malentendu and double entendre.
๐๐ง๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐๐ฏ๐๐ง๐๐ What Moliรจre did was to turn comedy from something for the less educated masses to something suitable for the royal court and his works are enduring. Usually with a protagonist who has a personality flaw, the plot sees the wool removed from the eyes of the protagonist so that he is purged of his fault. In โThe Miserโ, however, such a purging is never achieved. Harpagon remains the miser despite everyoneโs efforts to convert him. โHarpagonโ in French today is used to describe a miser, rather as we refer to someone as a Scrooge after Dickensโs character - who does get purged.
๐ ๐๐๐๐ญ๐ก ๐ฆ๐ข๐ฌ๐ซ๐๐ฉ๐จ๐ซ๐ญ๐๐ Moliรจreโs death is often misreported, with people believing he died on the stage. The fact is that he was playing the part of Argan, the hypochondriac. He suffered a pulmonary embolism in a coughing fit which the audience believed to be part of the action. The lights then went down. The King urged Moilรจre to go home to rest, but Moliรจre insisted on completing his performance. Once home, three priests were called to administer the last rites. The first two refused, following the scandal of โLe Tartuffeโ. The third acquiesced but arrived too late. Because Moliรจre was an actor, he needed to receive the last rites and to reject all the other characters he had portrayed as an actor so he could go to heaven.
๐๐ฎ๐ซ๐ข๐๐ ๐ฎ๐ง๐๐๐ซ๐๐ฆ๐จ๐ง๐ข๐จ๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฅ๐ฒ As he did not receive the sacrament, he was buried unceremoniously in unconsecrated ground. After years of lobbying to the King from his widow Armande, Moliรจreโs remains were exhumed and he was interred at Pรจre Lachaise cemetery in Paris. The superstition about wearing green is believed to have come about because of what Moliรจre was wearing when he died.
๐๐ข๐ง๐๐ซ๐ฏ๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ข๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐จ๐๐๐๐ซ๐ฌ ๐ช๐ฎ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ญ๐ฒ ๐ญ๐ฎ๐ข๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐ข๐ง ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐ฆ๐จ๐ง ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐๐ง๐๐ (๐๐), ๐๐๐๐๐, ๐ ๐๐๐ฏ๐๐ฅ / ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ซ๐จ๐ฆ ๐ญ๐๐๐๐ก๐๐ซ๐ฌ ๐ฐ๐ก๐จ ๐๐ซ๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ฅ๐ฒ-๐ช๐ฎ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐๐ข๐๐ ๐๐ง๐ ๐ก๐ข๐ ๐ก๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐๐ซ๐ข๐๐ง๐๐๐. For details of how we can help your child, please contact Valerie Weston on: Email: valerie.weston@minervatuition.com Phone: +852 6156 5705. We would be delighted to hear from you.